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In the more than two decades that I served in the Malaysian government, I have been very privileged to have served under the guidance of environment ministers who not only kept the interests and priorities of the country foremost in their minds, but also understood the broader implications of global equity, the principle of Common but Differentiated Responsibilities (CBDR), and the importance of developing country coalitions and consensus building. I was also extremely fortun

Globally, air travel demand is surging. Passenger numbers are rebounding strongly post-pandemic, with the International Air Transport Association (IATA) forecasting more than 4.7 billion travelers in 2025—surpassing pre-COVID levels. However, this boom in aviation comes with increased scrutiny over the sector’s carbon footprint. Under the International Civil Aviation Organization’s (ICAO) Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA), airlines are

Essentially, just prior to the event, on a very sunny day, solar PV was supplying almost 60% of the electricity demand, and when combined with wind, made up almost 80% of the electricity generation capacity on the grid. At this point conventional generation, (fossil fuel-based electricity, as opposed to renewables) was providing just over 20% of capacity, and this fact (as we shall see later) is seen as one of the primary causes of the event. According to the chronology of ev